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District
Profiles
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Carved
out of the erstwhile Kottayam and Quilon districts, Alappuzha(Alleppey)
district was formed on 17th August, 1957 and
consisted initially of seven taluks, namely Cherthala, Ambalappuzha,
Kuttanad, Thiruvalla, Chengannur, Karthikappally and Mavelikkara.
The
name Alappuzha is derived from the geographical position
and physical features of the place. It means the land between
the sea and network of rivers flowing into it. The district
is bounded on the north by Kochi and Kanayannur taluks of
Ernakulam district, on the east by Vaikom, Kottayam and
Changanassery taluks of Kottayam district and Thiruvalla,
Kozhencherry and Adoor taluks of Pathanamthitta district,
on the South by Kunnathur and Karunagappally taluks of Kollam
district and on the west by Lakshadweep sea.
The
present Alappuzha district comprises of six taluks namely
Cherthala, Ambalappuzha, Kuttanad, Karthikappally, Chengannur
and Mavelikkara. Total area of this district is 1414 sq.
kms. The district head quarters is located at Alappuzha. |
| District Head Quarters |
Alappuzha (Alleppey) |
| No
of Revenue Divisions |
2 |
| No.
of Taluks |
6 |
| No
of Villages |
91 |
| No.
of Blocks |
12 |
| No.
of Panchayats |
73 |
| No.
Municipalities |
5 |
| No.
of Assembly Segments |
11 |
| No.
of Parliament Segments |
1
(Alappuzha + Part of Mavelikkara) |
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Demography:-
|
Census
:
*
Area- 1,414 Sq.Km. which constitutes 3.64% of the total
state area.
* The population
size- 2,105,349 which is 6.61 % of the state population.
*
Population density - 1492 persons per Sq.Km, against 1415
in 1991- retains the first position in the state.
* Sex-ratio
(No. of females per 1000 males) - 1079 , earning 4th position
(5th position in 1991 with 1051)
* Literacy
Rate- 93.66 % which earns it the 3rd position in the state.(State
Average - 90.92%)
* Female Literacy
rate- 91.14 which again earns 3rd position in the state.(State
Average-87.86%)
Top
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| Topography:-
[Climate]
[Soil & Crops]
[Geology]
[Minerals]
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The district is a sandy strip of land intercepted by lagoons,
rivers and canals. There are neither mountains nor hills
in the district except some scattered hillocks lying between
Bharanikkavu and Changannur blocks in the eastern portion
of the district. Cherthala, Ambalappuzha, Kuttanad and Karthikappally
lie fully
in
low land region. There is no forest area in this district.
CLIMATE
The
climate is moist and hot in the coast and slightly cool
and dry in the interior of the district. The average monthly
temperature is 250C. The district also gets the
benefit of two outstanding monsoons as in the case of other
parts of the state.
Hot season - March to May
South-west monsoon (Edavappathi) - June to September
North-east monsoon (Thulavarsham) - October to November
Dry weather - December to February
The
district has 8 reporting rain gauge stations at Arookutty,
Cherthala, Alappuzha, Ambalapuzha, Harippad, Kayamkulam,
Mavelikkara and Chengannur as recorded in 1989. The average
rainfall in the district is 2763 mm.
Top
SOIL
& CROPS
| SOIL |
TALUK |
CROPS[Main] |
| Sandy |
Western
parts of Cherthala,Ambalapuzha,Karthikappally |
Coconut |
| Peaty
& Kari |
Eastern
regions of Cherthala& Ambalapuzha,western portions
of Kuttanad |
Poor
fertility & of low yields |
| Alluvial
|
Rest
of Kuttanad,north eastern portions of Karthikappally,western
portions of Chengannur ,north western sector of Mavelikkara
& the delta region formed by Pamba, Manimala and
Achenkovil rivers near its confluence with the Vembanad
lake |
Paddy,
Sugar cane |
| Laterite |
Major
portion of Chengannur & Mavelikkara |
coconut,
arecanut,fruit trees etc. |
Top
GEOLOGY
The
geological formations of the district are classified as
:
*
a belt of crystalline rocks of the archean group
*
a
belt of residual laterite
*
a
narrow belt of warkalli bed of tertiary group
*
a
western most coastal belt of recent deposits
The
most relevant crystalline rock type is Charnokites. Residual
laterite is the resultant product of the in situ alteration
of the crystalline rocks. Warkalli beds consist of a succession
of variegated clays and sand stone. The coastal belt consists
of recent sediments like aluvium, marine and lacustrine.
Top
MINERALS
& MINING
The
two most important minerals which occur in large quantities
in the district are glass and foundry sand. Lime shell is
exploited commercially. High quality sand deposits occur
between Alappuzha and Cherthala which form a stretch of
35 Km in length along the western side of Vembanad lake.
Large quantities of sand are being mined at Pallipuram for
manufacturing sand lime bricks. Vast deposits of lime shell
occur in Vembanad lake covering an area of 15 Sq.Km. upto
a depth of 8 metres between Pathiramanal and Vaikom. China
clay and ordinary clay which occur in various places are
used as building materials. The raw material required for
granite carving is obtained from Chengannur.
Top
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| Boundaries
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North – Kochi and Kanayannur Taluks
of Ernakulam district
East – Vaikom, Kottayam and Changanassery
Taluks of Kottayam district and Thiruvalla, Kozhencherry
and Adoor taluks of Pathanamthitta District
South – Kunnathur and Karunagappally
of Kollam District
West – Lakshadweep ( Arabian ) sea
Top
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| Administration
Map |
 |
click
for enlarged view
Top |
Rivers
|
| The
district has a network of rivers,canals and backwaters.
Manimala, Pampa and Achancovil are the major rivers.
Manimala
River
It
originates from Mothavara hills in Kottayam district enters
the district at Thalavadi village in Kuttanad taluk and
passes through Edathua and Champakulam villages and joins
the Pamba river at Muttar.The villages of Manimala, Mallappally,
Kaviyoor, Kalloppara, Thalavadi, Kozhimukku and Champakkulam
lie in the course of the river Manimala. It has a length
of 91.73 Km and drainage area of 802.90 Km.
Pamba
River
Pamba,
the third longest river in Kerala is formed by several streams
originating from Peerumedu plateau in Idukki district, enters
Alappuzha district at Chengannur and flows through Pandanad,
Veeyapuram, Thakazhy, and Champakulam through a distance
177.08 Km and plunges into vembanad lake through several
branches such as Pallathuruthi Ar, Nedumudi Ar and Muttar.
The river has a length of 117 Km and is navigable to a length
of 73 Km. The catchment area of this river is 1987.17 Sq.Km.
The main tributaries of the river are Pambayar, Kakki Ar,
Arudai Ar, kakkad Ar and Kallar.
Achankovil
River
This
river often known as Kulallada river, originates from Pasukida
mettu, Ramakkal Theri and Rishimalai of Kollam district
enters the district at Venmony and has a catchment area
of 1155.14 Sq.Kms and a marginable length of 32.19 Km.It
passes through Cheriyanad, Puliyoor and Chengannur villages,
enters Mavelikkara Taluk at Chennithala, flows through Thriperumthura
and pallippad villages and joins Pamba at Veeyapuram.
Back
Waters
Vembanad
Lake
The
Vembanad lake, the most important of the west coast canal
system has a length of 84 Km and an average breadth of 3.1
Km. It covers an area of 204 Sq.Km. Stretching from Alappuzha
to Kochi it borders Cherthala, Ambalapuzha and Kuttanad
Taluks of Alappuzha district, Kottayam, vaikom and Changanasserry
taluks of Kottayam district, Kochi and Kanayannur Taluks
of Ernakulam district. Pamba, Achankovil , Manimala, Meenachil
and Muvattupuzha rivers discharge into this lake. Pathiramanal,
often called the mysterious sand of midnight, having coconut
palms and luxuriant vegetation is situated in the centre
of this lake. Perumbalam and Pallippuram are the other islands
in this lake. The Thannermukkom regulator constructed across
Vembanad lake between Thannermukkom and Vechur is intended
to prevent tidal action and intrusion of saline water into
the lake. It is the largest mud regulator in India.
Kayamkulam
Lake
Stretching
between Panmana and Karthikappally, Kayamkulam lake is a
shallow lake which has an outlet to sea at Kayamkulam barrage.
It has an area of 59.57 Sq.Km., a length of 30.5 Km and
an average breadth of 2.4 Km. It connects Ashtamudi lake
by the Chavara Panmana canal.
Canals
Alappuzha
has a network of canals included in the west coast canal
system which are used for navigation. The important canals
are Vadai canal, Commercial canals and the link canals between
these two canals. Apart from these, there are many inland
canals which are mainly used for passenger navigation and
commercial purposes.
The
lakes are used for inland water transport of passengers
and cargo. Inland fisheries have also been flourished in
these regions.
Sea
Cost
Alappuzha
has a flat unbroken sea coast of 82 Km in length which is
13.9 % of the total coastal line of the state. An interesting
phenomenon of this seacoast during the month of June is
the periodic shifting of mud bank popularly known as "Chakara"
within a range of 25 Km in Alappuzha-Purakkad coast due
to hydrolic pressure when the level of backwater rises during
south-west monsoon.
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HEADQUARTERS |
ALAPPUZHA |
TOTAL AREA |
1414.00 sqkm |
| Forest
area |
0.00
sq.km. |
Net
town Area |
1031.09
sqkm |
| Occupied
Houses |
402.79
thous |
Net
Irri. area |
237.12
sqkm |
| Total
Population |
2001.02
thous |
Total
Literates |
1668.44
thous |
| Total
Males |
975.88
thous |
Total
females |
1025.33
thous |
| Urban
Population |
609.61
thous |
Rural
Population |
1391.61
thous |
| Total
Workers |
682.20
thous |
Main
workers |
602.60
thous |
| Rural
Pop Male |
677.35
thous |
Rural
Pop Female |
714.26
thous |
| Urban
Pop Male |
298.53
thous |
Urban
Pop female |
311.08
thous |
| Total
SC Pop |
190.35
thous |
Total
ST Pop |
2.80
thous |
| SC
Pop Rural |
154.69
thous |
ST
Pop Rural |
1.73
thous |
| SC
Pop Urban |
35.67
thous |
ST
Pop Urban |
1.07
thous |
| Tot
Male Lits |
not
available |
Total
female Lits |
not
available |
| Rur
Literates |
not
available |
Urban
Literates |
not
available |
| Rur
Male Lits |
not
available |
Rur
Female Lits |
not
available |
| Urban
Male Lits |
not
available |
Urban
Female Lits |
not
available |
| Rur
Male Literacy |
96.72
% |
Rur
Female Literacy |
91.57
% |
| Urb
Male Literacy |
96.94% |
Urb
Female Literacy |
90.09% |
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UNITS |
DISTRICT |
STATE |
INDIA |
| |
| Relative
CMIE Index of Development |
Index |
119.00 |
117.00 |
100.00 |
| Population
growth per annum |
% |
0.65 |
1.32 |
2.14 |
| Population
Density (persons/sq.km) |
Nos |
1415.00 |
748.00 |
273.00 |
| Urbanisation |
% |
30.46 |
263.39 |
253.73 |
| Literacy |
% |
93.87 |
89.81 |
52.21 |
| Male
Literacy |
% |
96.79 |
93.62 |
64.13 |
| Female
Literacy |
% |
91.12 |
86.17 |
39.29 |
| Urban
Literacy |
% |
93.42 |
92.25 |
73.08 |
| Rural
Literacy |
% |
94.06 |
88.92 |
44.69 |
| Workers
as % of total population |
% |
34.09 |
31.43 |
37.46 |
| As
% of main workers |
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| Agriculture
& allied activ. |
% |
40.13 |
47.03 |
66.92 |
| Mining
& quarrying |
% |
0.46 |
0.99 |
0.61 |
| Mfg.
(non-household) industries |
% |
12.94 |
11.59 |
7.65 |
| Household
industries |
% |
9.72 |
2.58 |
2.38 |
| Construction
Workers |
% |
3.31 |
4.00 |
1.94 |
| Other
services |
% |
33.45 |
33.81 |
20.50 |
| Forest
area as % of reporting area |
% |
0.00 |
27.83 |
21.82 |
| Net
sown area as % of reporting area |
% |
75.78 |
56.39 |
46.30 |
| Gross
Irri. area as % of reporting area |
% |
15.86 |
13.92 |
30.72 |
| Average
size of operational holding |
Hect |
0.23 |
0.36 |
1.69 |
| Fertiliser
consumption per Hect. |
Kgs |
71 |
79 |
72 |
| Value
of output of major crops//hect |
Rs |
6945 |
8034 |
3576 |
| Value
of output of major crops / capita |
Rs |
542 |
792 |
758 |
| Per
capita food grains production |
Kgs |
59 |
37 |
173 |
| Road
length per 100 sq.kms |
Kms |
- |
322.49 |
60.14 |
| Railway
route length per 100 sq.kms. |
Kms |
- |
2.53 |
2.04 |
| Post
offices per lakh population |
Nos |
- |
17.08 |
17.93 |
| Telegraph
offices per lakh population |
Nos |
- |
6.84 |
4.93 |
| Telephones
per lakh population |
Nos |
- |
1181 |
800 |
| Bank
branches per lakh population |
Nos. |
9.99 |
9.91 |
7.30 |
| Per
Capita bank deposits |
Rs |
4342 |
4031 |
3269 |
| Per
Capita bank credit |
Rs |
1645 |
1962 |
1978 |
| Per
Capita bank credit to agriculture |
Rs |
241 |
276 |
222 |
| Per
hectare bank credit to agriculture |
Rs |
3091 |
2794 |
1046 |
| Per
Capita bank credit to SSI |
Rs |
195 |
188 |
185 |
| Per
Capita bank credit to Industries |
Rs |
622 |
563 |
705 |
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